Gambling is the wagering of something of value on an event whose outcome is determined at least in part by chance, with the intent of winning something else of value. The term “gambling” applies to bets placed on events, such as sports, horse races, and political contests, but also to more abstract activities such as a business venture or a bet against someone. The act of gambling requires three elements: consideration, risk, and a prize.
Although some people gamble to make a living, either honestly or dishonestly, and there is a long history of legal prohibition against gambling, most people engage in this activity for entertainment. A small number of people develop a disorder called pathological gambling (PG), and they experience persistent and recurrent maladaptive patterns of gambling behaviors.
The causes of PG are not fully understood, but it is believed that genetics, family history, temperament, and stressful life events may contribute to its development. Typically, the onset of PG occurs in adolescence or early adulthood and it usually continues for several years. Although a variety of treatments are available, they have demonstrated only modest effectiveness. The failure of many interventions may be due to the fact that they lack a clear theoretical framework for understanding PG.
Often, people who have a problem with gambling use the behavior to relieve boredom, loneliness, or stress, or to escape from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety, anger, and depression. They may also turn to gambling as a way to socialize or reward themselves for accomplishments. In some cases, the person becomes preoccupied with gambling to the extent that it interferes with daily functioning. He or she may spend excessive time gambling, lie to family members and/or therapists about the amount of money spent on the activity, attempt to recover gambling losses by chasing them, and jeopardize personal or professional relationships because of the obsession with gambling.
While it can be challenging to admit that you have a problem with gambling, seeking help is the first step to recovery. Getting help can be as simple as reaching out to your support network, finding a therapist, or joining a peer support group such as Gamblers Anonymous, which follows a 12-step program similar to Alcoholics Anonymous. You can also seek a therapist who specializes in addictions or find an experienced therapist near you by using the world’s largest therapy service.
For those who have a gambling addiction, it is important to set boundaries on managing your money, such as getting rid of credit cards, having someone else be in charge of your finances, closing online betting accounts, and keeping only a small amount of cash with you at all times. It is also helpful to learn healthier ways to relieve unpleasant feelings and deal with boredom, such as exercising, spending time with friends who don’t gamble, or taking up a new hobby. In addition, consider seeking marriage, career, or credit counseling for yourself, as these are often the areas most affected by a gambling addiction.